What is Parvovirus?

CPV (Canine Parvovirus) is a devastating viral disease seen in dogs that normally causes acute gastrointestinal illness in puppies. The most damage is seen in the stomach and small intestines.  It further affects the bone marrow and in some cases even the heart.

Parvovirus is generally seen in young dogs and puppies.  However, it can also affect adult dogs when they are unvaccinated.

 

How do dogs get Parvo?

Parvo is a highly contagious virus that spreads through either direct contact with an infected dog or by indirect contact with contaminated object(s).  Direct contact includes when a dog consumes, licks, or sniffs infected faeces.  Indirect contact is when your dog is touched by a person or object who has been in contact with a dog infected with Parvo.

When is Parvovirus more active?

Most of the cases are in the spring and summer months as the virus is often dormant during winter.  However, there are still Parvo cases during winter months with a huge spike during the warmer months.

How do you identify Parvo?

Symptoms will be visible within 3 to 7 days after infection.  At first, a puppy may not eat, have a fever, show lethargy, dehydration, weight loss, and weakness.

The dog will suffer from severe vomiting and diarrhea with a very strong smell as the virus progresses.  The diarrhea may contain blood and mucus.

It is critical to contact your veterinarian immediately if you suspect your puppy has Parvovirus.  Advise the veterinary practice immediately of your suspicion upon arrival to enable them to limit possible infection of other dogs.

How do you diagnose Parvo?

A fecal swab is used to perform an Antigen Rapid CPV ag Test.  The test takes about 5 to 10 minutes to show results.

The Stages of Parvo

Infection occurs when the dog is exposed to the viral particles in the faeces from an infected dog.

Incubation period is during 3 to 7 days after the dog has been infected but no symptoms are visible.

Illness set in when the parvovirus infects the bone marrow.  Vomiting, diarrhea, fever, dehydration and lethargy are the main symptoms.

Can you prevent Parvo?  YES!

Vaccinations need to be up to date at all times.  This include all 3 puppy vaccinations as well as annually for adults.  Puppies receive their vaccinations at 6, 9 and 12 weeks.  Puppies should not have any contact with unvaccinated dogs until they are fully vaccinated.  Be specifically careful when visiting public places.

How do you treat Parvo?

Although there is no cure for Parvo, your veterinary practice will give supportive treatment for your dog by ensuring that your dog gets the required nutrition and by treating their symptoms such as dehydration, diarrhea and vomiting.

Parvo can be a fatal disease and it is therefore critical to contact your veterinarian immediately when you suspect Parvo.

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